Na: Ndahiro Tom
Uko imyaka igenda yicuma, niko abagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, abarebereye, abahakana n’abapfobya icyo cyaha barushaho gukaza umurego wo kuyobya abato, ndetse n’abakuru batazi uko byagenze.
Ubuheruka nakomoje ku byo uwitwa Dr. Innocent Biruka yanditse ku itariki ya 29 na 30 Nyakanga 2019. Ikibazo cy’ihanurwa ry’indege ya Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana, akanahamya ko aribyo byateye Jenoside, nicyo yibanzeho muri iyo minsi ibiri. Nagize icyo mvuga kuri bimwe nsiga ingingo ebyiri yavuze. Ibyo nasize ni ukubera imiterere yabyo ari byo ngarukaho.
Icya mbere ni ikinyoma cy’aho uwo Dr. Biruka avuga ati: “kubona hashize imyaka irenga 20 (Umugaba w’ingabo z’Inkotanyi zahagaritse Jenoside) ashinjwa gusa n’abo batangiranye urugamba ni ikimenyetso kiremereye.” Akongeraho ngo: “Koko rero, nta muntu n’umwe wari ku ruhande rwa Habyarimana wigeze asaba gushinja Kagame ihanurwa ry’indege!”
Icya kabiri, ni aho avuga ngo “Igikorwa cyo guhotora Perezida Habyarimana nticyateguwe na Kagame wenyine. Yagiriwe inama na bamwe mu bayobozi b’ikirenga bo mu karere n’ab’ibihugu by’ibihangange, kandi habaye amanama atandukanye yo kunoza umugambi no guteganya ikizakurikira no gukora igenamigambi ry’ukuntu ibintu bizakurikirana.”
Mu rwego rwo kujijisha akongeraho ngo: “Ntabwo hano nzinduwe no gutunga agatoki abategetsi n’ibihugu, ibyo bizagira igihe cyabyo n’inzego bizasuzumirwamo. Gusa byumvikane neza ko Perezida Habyarimana yishwe bizwi neza ko azakurikizwa imbaga ngari y’Abanyarwanda, mbere na mbere Abatutsi b’imbere mu Rwanda.”
Ibyo kuvuga ko byanze bikunze urupfu rwa Habyarimana rwagombaga gukurikirwa na Jenoside y’Abatutsi si bishya. Ni ibitekerezo biba mu mitwe y’abateguye bagakora Jenoside. N’iyo yaba atarishe, aba yarashishikarije gukora icyo cyaha kandi akishimira ko gikozwe.
By’umwihariko, urebye ibyo Biruka yandika, ubugome burimo, uburyo asobanura ko Jenoside yari ngombwa, nta gitangaza abaye yarishe Abatutsi akabikora yishimye. Kuba yaragiye mu ikipe ishinjura umwicanyi nka Joseph Kanyabashi, uretse igihembo yakoreraga atanagikwiye, yanabikoranaga umurava utewe n’akababaro ko kuba uwishe Abatutsi abiryozwa.
Iyo umuntu wagwingiye mu mitekerereze n’imyumvire, ibyago bikaba ari umuntu wize, agwingiza benshi bamwizera, kubera amashuri yanyuzemo, bibaza ko ibyo avuga birimo ubwenge n’ubushishozi. Iyo abasoma cyangwa abumva batagize ikibafasha kumenya ukuri, na bo imyumvire n’imitekerereze byabo biragwingira kurushaho.
Kuvuga ko Inkotanyi nkuru Perezida Paul Kagame adashinjwa n’abo mu butegetsi bwa Habyarimana n’abateguye bagashyira mu bikorwa Jenoside, ni ikinyoma cyambaye ubusa cy’indindagizabaswa. N’ibyo kuvuga ko hari akagambane k’ibihugu by’amahanga, nabyo si bishya birakuze uretse ko bizwi na ba nyirabyo n’ababikurikirana.
Ikibazo abameze nka Biruka bagira, ni uko bahora batekereza ko nta muntu wibuka ibyabaye cyangwa ibyakozwe n’abajenosideri n’ababashyigikiye. Kuri bo, urwango n’ibinyoma byabo bibibagiza ko hari amateka akurikiranwa ngo hato atazibagirana. Biruka ibyo yashatse kugira ibanga reka bivugwe.
Urupfu rwa Habyarimana n’uwamwishe
Nyuma y’aho abacamanza b’Abafaransa batangarije ko gushinja Inkotanyi urupfu rwa Habyarimana nta gaciro bifite dosiye ishyinguwe, nari nzi ko byarangiye. Iperereza bikoreye, ndetse rigahuza na Komisiyo Mutsinzi, ni uko uwarashe Indege itwaye Habyarimana yari mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Kanombe.
Jean Luc Habyarimana ni umwana wa karindwi mu bana umunani ba Juvenal Habyarimana na Agathe Kanziga. Ku itariki ya 6 Mata 2019, nyuma y’imyaka 25 Habyarimana yishwe, umwana we yagize icyo abivugaho mu kiganiro yagiranye na Serge Ndayizeye wa Radio ikorera kuri murandasi y’Umutwe w’iterabwoba wa RNC uyoborwa na Kayumba Nyamwasa. Yayivugiyeho byinshi tuzagarukaho ikindi gihe kuko wumva ari umuntu wanyoye agahaga ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside n’iyo gupfobya Jenoside.
Ubu ndibanda kubyo yavuze ku iraswa ry’indege ya se abibwira Serge Ndayizeye, nawe wasabitswe n’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside. Jean Luc yavuze ibyabaye iminsi itatu mbere y’uko iyo ndege iraswa. Uyu muhungu wa Habyarimana akavuga ko amafoto y’abaguye muri iyo ndege ari we bwite wayafashe.
Mu Kinyarwanda cyiza, Jean Luc Habyarimana yavuze ko nyuma yo guhanurwa kw’indege, hari abantu bari i Ndera batangiye kurasa mu rugo rwabo. Ibyo byatumye ababarinda babategeka kuzimya amatara yo hanze no mu nzu ku buryo n’imirambo bayishakishaga amasitimu n’udutara duto. Jean Luc akavuga ko abaharasaga bagomba kuba ari Inkotanyi. Uko Inkotanyi zavuye ku Kimihurura zari zicumbikiwe zikagera aho i Ndera ntacyo yabivuzeho.
Mubyo uyu muhungu wa Habyarimana yavuze nifuza kugarukaho, ni ibyo yemeza ko byabereye mu rugo rwa Habyarimana mu Gasiza ku itariki ya 3 Mata 1994. Wari umunsi wa Pasika. Jean Luc Habyarimana yabwiye iyo radiyo ya RNC ko kuri iyo tariki basuwe n’umushyitsi witwa Jacques Roger Booh Booh wari Intumwa yihariye y’Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (LONI).
Jean Luc avuga ko ku giti cye yiyumviye Booh Booh abwira se ko yabonanye na Paul Kagame akamumutumaho ngo “uzabwire Habyarimana ko nzamwica”. Iyo ngirwa buhamya, “umunyamakuru” wa RNC yavuze ko bwari bwo bwa mbere mbwumvikanye mu myaka 25.
Iby’ubwo butumwa bwitirirwa Booh Booh bwanditswe bwa mbere mu kinyamakuru mpuzamahanga, bumaze imyaka irenga 25 buvuzwe n’umugore wa Juvenal Habyarimana, Agatha Kanziga akaba na nyina wa Jean Luc.
Iby’ubwo butumwa bwa Booh Booh kuri Habyarimana byibutswa na Jean Kambanda wabaye Minisitiri w’intebe wa guverinoma yashyize umugambi wa Jenoside mu bikorwa, mu mushinga w’igitabo cye yafatanywe cyitwa “Qui Est Genocide?” Ubwo butumwa bwagejejwe kuri Habyarimana nkaho ari kado ya Pasika, bwanditswe bwa mbere mu kinyamakuru Jeune Afrique (No 1738-1739 du 28 Avril au 15 mai 1994). Kanziga yabwiye icyo kinyamakuru ko icyiswe ubutumwa bwa Kagame kuri Habyarimana, Booh booh yabumusubiriyemo inshuro eshatu.
Uwo mushinga w’igitabo cya Kambanda warangiye ku itariki 29 Gicurasi 1997 mbere gato yo gufatirwa i Nairobi muri Kenya.
Uruhererekane rw’igwingira
Mbere y’uko bishyirwa mu gitabo cya Kambanda, ibya Booh Booh na Habyarimana biva mu kanwa k’umugore we n’umwana we, byanditswe mu nyandiko yakozwe n’ubuyobozi bw’Ingabo zatsinzwe ex-FAR mu Ukuboza 1995 bari mu cyahoze ari Zaire. Ni inyandiko bise “Contribution des FAR à la recherche de la vérité sur le drame rwandais – La guerre d’Octobre 1990 et la catastrophe d’Avril 1994” bishatse kuvuga ko ari inkunga yabo mu kugaragaza ukuri ku byabaye mu Rwanda.
Uretse iyo nyandiko ya ex-FAR, byananditswe mu nyandiko ya FDLR yitwa “Drame Rwandais” yo ku itariki ya 17 Mata 2001. Icyo kinyoma cyanakwijwe n’umujenosideri Koloneri Aloys Ntiwiragabo mu nyandiko ye yise “Rwanda- Attentat du 6 avril 1994 – A quand la Clôture de l’Enquête.” Yasohotse ku itariki ya 15 Nyakanga 2016.
Iyo umuntu avuze igwingira ry’imyumvire n’imitekerereze, ntiwasiga Agatha Kanziga n’umuhungu we bahimbye ikinyoma cyerekana ko kwicwa kwa Habyarimana byari akagambane ko mu nzu ye. Icyo kinyoma cyitiriwe Booh Booh cyerekana ubujenosideri bwa Innocent Biruka. Uyu Biruka kubeshya abantu, aba afite icyo ahisha. Ni ukwishimira itsembwa ry’Abatutsi abishakira impamvu bituma byemerwa nk’ibintu byumvikana.
Si umugaba w’ingabo z’Inkotanyi babeshyeye gusa, hari n’abandi. Inyandiko ya Aloys Ntiwiragabo yemeza ko yamenye iby’umugambi wo kwica Perezida Habyarimana ku itariki ya 9 Werurwe 1994. Mu nyandiko ya Ntiwiragabo, avuga ko kuri iyo tariki, i Ngondore (aho i Ngondore hari umupaka w’Inkotanyi na Leta y’u Rwanda), mu nama yari yateguwe n’ingabo za Loni MINUAR, abasirikare b’Inkotanyi Koloneri Stanislas Biseruka na Liyetona Koloneri Cesar Kayizari (ubu ni Liyetona Jenerali) bamwihereranye bakamubwira ko Inkotanyi zigomba kuzica Perezida Habyarimana.
Ibyanditswe na Ntiwiragabo, icyo gihe wari ukuriye Ubutasi bwa Gisirikare mu butegetsi bwa Habyarimana byari byaranditwe mu nyandiko nakomojeho. Ari iya ex-FAR yo mu 1995 n’iya FDLR yo mu 2001. Ibyo byose ni ibintu bizwi kuko biri mu nyandiko zagiye ahagaragara harimo n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR/TPIR) uyu Biruka yakoreye atabikwiye.
Kugira ngo wemere ko umuntu atuma ku mutegetsi w’igihugu ngo urarye uri menge nzakwica vuba aha, ugomba kuba uri ikigoryi gikabije cyangwa uri mu bwenge bwagwingijwe n’ingengabiterezo ya Jenoside nk’ubwa Agatha Kanziga n’umuhungu we, Innocent Biruka n’ababyanditse navuze.
Ntabwo byumvikana uburyo umukuru w’ubutasi bw’igisirikare cy’igihugu, yaburirwa n’abagize ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo muhanganye ko bazica Umugaba w’ikirenga w’Ingabo z’igihugu ukaruca ukarumira. Mu Rwanda hari n’Ingabo za LONI ziri hagati ya FAR n’Inkotanyi.
Mu nyandiko navuze ntaho Aloys Ntiwiragabo avuga ko yatanze raporo kuri MINUAR ngo hafatwe ingamba zihariye zo kurinda Perezida. Harimo no kubisakuza kuri RTLM yabo, no kubibwira amahanga ngo abimenye. Ni ingaruka z’icyaha kigwingiza imyumvire n’imitekerereze.
Nibutse ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 3 Mata 1994, ari bwo radio rutwitsi ya RTLM yatangaje ko mu Rwanda hari hagiye kuba akantu mu minsi ya vuba harimo itariki ya 6 Mata, ariko ngo nyuma yaho hakazatemba amaraso. Icyo bitaga akantu ni iyo ndege bahanuye.
Mu Ukuboza 1993, ikinyamakuru Kangura No 53 cyatangijwe ndetse kigahabwa amafaranga n’abajenosideri barimo Urwego rw’ubutasi bwa FAR cyanditse ubuhanuzi ko Perezida “Habyarimana azapfa muri Werurwe” akicwa “n’Umuhutu waguriwe n’Umututsi.” Icyo kinyamakuru kikaba kitarahishe umugambi wo gutsemba Abatutsi kimwe n’ibindi byakibanjirije, byunganira imbwirwaruhame z’abanyapolitiki ba MRND-CDR na Pawa.
Ibyo Biruka acamo amarenga ko hari abanyamahanga bafatanyije n’Inkotanyi kwica Habyarimana nabyo byanditswe guhera mu w’1995 mu nyandiko ya ex-FAR. Abashinjwa ako kagambane ni igihugu cy’Ububiligi, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Perezida Yoweri Museveni wa Uganda, Perezida Mwinyi wa Tanzania, Ingabo za MINUAR na Perezida Buyoya w’u Burundi. Nibyo nzakomerezaho.
Biracyaza…